Taxonomy of the Chipmunks,

Eutamias quadrivittatus and Eutamias umbrinus

Capitalized color terms, which are used in descriptions and
comparisons, are of Ridgway, "Color Standards and Color Nomenclature,"
Washington, D. C., 1912.

In the synonymy of each subspecies there appears only the first usage of a
name, second the first usage of the name combination now employed unless a
new combination is proposed by me, and third pure synonyms. The last is
recognizable as such because the type locality is appended to each.

Unless otherwise specified, all specimens are in the Museum of Natural
History, University of Kansas. The various collections of institutions
and of private persons are indicated by the following symbols:

Of the external measurements, only the total length and the length of
the tail are recorded in table 1. Some field collectors measured the
ear from the notch and others from the crown; most collectors measured
the length of the hind foot to the nearest millimeter rather than in
tenths of a millimeter, as would have been desired. Consequently, I
decided against using the lengths of the ear and hind foot in the
study here reported on.

The measurements of the skull were made as shown in figure 1.

A total number of 434 specimens are listed as examined in this study, and
additionally, numerous other specimens were superficially examined in the
United States Biological Surveys Collection. Bacula of each of the named
kinds of chipmunks in this paper, were examined.

Whenever two or more samples are stated to be significantly different, the
meaning is that the difference is statistically significant.

The geographic distribution of each subspecies and the localities of
specimens or series of specimens are plotted on the map (fig. 2).

When comparisons were made to ascertain specific and subspecific differences,
only adults, or animals in which the enamel was worn through on the
permanent P4 and p4 were used. Within this age range, only specimens in
comparable pelage were used to ascertain differences in color.

Miss Viola S. Schantz of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service,
Mr. Alfred Bailey of the Colorado Museum of Natural History, Dr. W. H.
Burt of the Museum of Zoology of the University of Michigan, Dr.
Stephen D. Durrant of the Museum of Zoology of the University of Utah,
Dr. Robert M. Stabler, curator of the Warren Collection of Colorado
College, and Mr. James S. Findley, generously loaned specimens for my
use. Doctors E. Raymond Hall, Rollin H. Baker, Robert W. Wilson, Keith
R. Kelson, E. Lendell Cockrum, and other friends and associates have
given valued suggestions and assistance. My wife, Alice M. White, made
the illustrations and helped me record and analyze the data.

Assistance with field work is acknowledged from the Kansas University
Endowment Association, the National Science Foundation, and the United
States Navy, Office of Naval Research, through contract No. NR161 791.

Type.—None designated; from along Arkansas River, about 26 mi. below
Canon City, Fremont County, Colorado; obtained on July 18, 1820.

Diagnosis.—Size medium; dorsal dark stripes blackish; sides Cinnamon to
Clay Color; crown Light Drab; baculum large.

Description.—Color pattern: Head Cinnamon, shaded on crown to
Light Drab; ocular stripe Fuscous Black, with Cinnamon along margins;
other facial stripes Fuscous mixed with Cinnamon; ears Fuscous Black,
Ochraceous-Tawny on anterior margin, grayish white on posterior margin
and on postauricular
[Pg 568]
patch; dark dorsal stripes black with
Ochraceous-Tawny along margins; outer pair of dark stripes often
mainly Tawny; light dorsal stripes grayish white, outer pair usually
creamy white; sides Ochraceous-Tawny, shaded in the region of the
shoulder with Cinnamon; rump and thighs Cinnamon-Buff mixed with Smoke
Gray; antipalmar surfaces of forefeet Cinnamon-Buff; antiplantar
surfaces of hind feet Pinkish Buff; dorsal surface of tail Fuscous
Black, overlaid with Pinkish Buff; ventral surface of tail
Ochraceous-Tawny, Fuscous Black along margin, Pinkish Buff along
outermost edge; underparts creamy white. Skull: Large; braincase
well inflated; zygomatic arches strong and slightly appressed to
skull. Baculum: Large; long and slender.

Comparisons.—From E. q. hopiensis, the only other subspecies in
this species, E. q. quadrivittatus differs in: Dorsal dark stripes
blackish; crown grayer; rump and thighs grayer; general tone of upper
parts darker.

Specimens examined.—Total number, 130.

Colorado: Larimer Co.: Arkins, 1 BS. Jefferson Co.: W spur Lookout
Mountain, near Golden, 1 WC. Gunnison Co.: Sapinero, 3 BS. Saguache
Co.: 5 mi. N and 22 mi. W Saguache 10,000 ft., 1; 21 mi. W and 3 mi.
N Saguache, 1. Fremont Co.: 18 mi. S and 7 mi. W Colorado Springs,
1; Arkansas River, "about" 26 mi. below Canon City, 15 BS. San Juan
Co.: Silverton, 1 BS. Mineral Co.: 3 mi. E Creede, 1. Alamosa
Co.: Sangre de Cristo Range, 24 mi. E Hooper, 2 CM. La Plata Co.: 2
mi. NE Bondad 6,100 ft., 1; Bondad, 15 mi. S Durango 6,050 ft., 1.
Archuleta Co.: Chromo, 1 CM. Las Animas Co.: Trinidad, 6 BS. Baca
Co.: unspecified, 1.

New Mexico: San Juan Co.: Blanco, 1 BS; Chuska Mountains, 8 BS. Rio
Arriba Co.: 8 mi. N El Rito, 1; 4 mi. N El Rito, 5; Rim Rock, El
Rito, 2; 2 mi. E El Rito, 7,000 ft., 1; 2 mi. SE El Rito, 1; 6 mi. E
and ½ mi. S Truchas, 8,500 ft., 1; 2 mi. S and 4 mi. W Coyote, 8,100
ft., 1; unspecified, 2. Taos Co.: 3 mi. N Taos Pueblo, 5 BS; 23 mi.
S and 6 mi. E Taos, 8,750 ft., 2. Union Co.: Emery Peak, 1 BS;
Folsom, 3 BS; Sierra Grande, 8 BS; unspecified, 2. McKinley Co.:
Bear Ridge, Zuni Mountains, 9 BS. Sandoval Co.: Bear Canyon, W
foothills, Sandia Mountains, 3 BS; W foothills, near S end, Sandia
Mountains, 7 BS. Santa Fe Co.: San Pedro, 7 BS. San Miguel Co.:
Canadian River, 4 mi. NW Tucumcari, 1 BS. Valencia Co.: Mount
Taylor, San Mateo Mountains, 10 BS.

Oklahoma: Cimarron Co.: Kenton, 1 BS.

Type.—Female, adult, skull and skin, No. 67768 U. S. Nat. Mus.; from
Keams Canyon, Painted Desert, Arizona; obtained on July 27, 1894, by A. K.
Fisher.

Diagnosis.—Size medium; dorsal dark stripes tawny; crown Drab-Gray;
baculum of same proportions as in E. q. quadrivittatus but smaller.

Description.—Color pattern: Head Drab-Gray, with Snuff Brown
around margin of crown; facial stripes Sayal Brown with small blackish patches
around eye; ears Ochraceous Tawny anteriorly and Pinkish Buff posteriorly; dorsal
[Pg 570]
stripes Tawny, median one sometimes blackish; median pair of dorsal
light stripes grayish white, outer pair creamy white; sides Ochraceous
Tawny; rump and thighs Cinnamon Buff washed with Pale Smoke Gray;
antipalmar and antiplantar surfaces of feet Pinkish Cinnamon; dorsal
surface of tail Fuscous Black; ventral surface of tail Ochraceous
Tawny, Fuscous Black along margin, Cinnamon Buff along outermost edge;
underparts creamy white. Skull: As in E. q. quadrivittatus.
Baculum: Same proportions as in E. q. quadrivittatus but smaller.

Comparisons.—See under the account of E. q. quadrivittatus.

Specimens examined.—Total number, 68.

Utah: Uintah Co.: E side of confluence of Green and White rivers, 1 mi.
SE Ouray, 4,700 ft., 3 UU. Grand Co.: Colorado River above Moab, 1 UU;
side canyon of Colorado River above Moab, 1 UU; Moab, up Colorado River,
1 UU; Moab, 4,500 ft., 4 UU; Moab Bridge over Colorado River, 3,995 ft.,
Moab, 1 UU; Colorado River, 5 mi. E Moab Bridge, 4,000 ft., 1 UU. Wayne
Co.: Fruita, 1 UU.

[Pg 571]
Colorado: Moffat Co.: 11 mi. W and 11 mi. N Rangely, 6,000 ft., 3.
Rio Blanco Co.: White River, 5 BS. Eagle Co.: McCoy, 2 BS. Mesa
Co.: 1½ mi. S Loma, 4,600 ft., 1. Gunnison Co.: 1 mi. E
Somerset, 6,100 ft., 1. Montrose Co.: 1 mi. E Naturita, 5,900 ft.,
1. Dolores Co.: 1 mi. N Cahone, 6,900 ft., 1. Montezuma Co.: 1 mi.
S Cortez, 5,000 ft., 1; Mesa Verde, 25 mi. SW Mancos, 7,000 ft., 2 BS.

Arizona: Navajo Co.: Keams Canyon, 80 mi. N Holbrook, 15 BS. Apache
Co.: Summit, 8,000 ft., Luka Chukai Mountains, 15 mi. E Luka Chukai
Navajo School, 8 BS; Wheatfield Creek, W slope Tunicha Mountains,
7,000 ft., 3 BS.

Type.—Male, adult, skull and skin, No. 186463 U. S. Nat. Mus.,
Biol. Surv. Coll.; from Blacks Fork, about 9,500 ft., Uinta Mountains,
Utah; obtained on September 19, 1888, by Vernon Bailey; original No.
228.

Diagnosis.—Size medium; general tone of upper parts dark and shadowy;
skull relatively small.

Description.—Color pattern: Head Pale Smoke Gray; facial stripes
Fuscous Black to Snuff Brown; ear Fuscous Black; posterior margin of
ear and postauricular patch grayish white; median dorsal dark stripe
black with Sayal Brown along margins; lateral pair of dorsal dark
stripes Sayal Brown or Fuscous Black mixed with Sayal Brown; outermost
pair of dorsal dark stripes nearly absent; sides Sayal Brown mixed
with Cinnamon; rump and thighs Sayal Brown mixed with Smoke Gray;
antipalmar and antiplantar surfaces of feet Cinnamon-Buff; ventral
surface of tail Ochraceous Tawny or Sayal Brown, with Fuscous Black
around margin and Pinkish Buff around outermost edge; underparts
creamy white with dark gray underfur. Skull: Large, with moderately
inflated braincase and well developed zygomata. Baculum: One of the
largest in the species.

Comparisons.—From Eutamias umbrinus adsitus, the subspecies to
the south on the Wasatch Range, E. u. umbrinus differs in: Sides
lighter; rump browner; hairs around outermost edge of tail tawnier (in
freshly molted tails); shorter inner mandibular length.

From E. u. inyoensis, the subspecies to the west in central and
northeastern Nevada and in northwestern Utah, E. u. umbrinus differs
in: General tone of upper parts lighter; sides lighter; total length
more; interorbital region broader.

For comparisons with E. u. sedulus, E. u. fremonti, and E. u.
montanus, see the accounts of those subspecies.

Specimens examined.—Total number, 55.

Wyoming: Uinta Co.: 9 mi. S Robertson, 8,000 ft., 15; 10 mi. S and 1
mi. W Robertson, 8,700 ft., 5; 11½ mi. S and 2 mi. E Robertson,
9,200 ft., 1; 2 mi. E and 12 mi. S Robertson, Ashley Nat. For., 1; 13
mi. S and 2 mi. E Robertson, 9,200 ft., 1.

Utah: Rich Co.: Monte Cristo, 18 mi. W Woodruff, 8,000 ft., 2 UU.
Summit Co.: 13½ mi. S and 2 mi. E Robertson [Wyoming], 4; 1 mi. N
Bridger Lake R. S., 9,400 ft., 4. Wasatch Co.: Snake Creek Canyon, 3
mi. NW Midway, 6,000 ft., 1 UU. Uintah Co.: Paradise Park, 21 mi. W
and 15 mi. N Vernal, 10,050 ft., 20.

Type.—Unsexed adult, skull and skin, No. 28728 Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist.;
from Briggs Meadow, 10,000 ft., Beaver Mountains, Utah; obtained on August
20, 1904, by George P. Engelhardt.

Diagnosis.—Size medium; sides dark; general tone of upper parts
dark; dorsal light and dark stripes strongly contrasting.

Description.—Color pattern: Head Cinnamon mixed with
grayish white; stripe on margin of crown Verona-Brown or Bister;
ocular stripe Fuscous Black mixed with Sayal Brown; submalar stripe
Sayal Brown; ear Fuscous, Sayal Brown along anterior margin and Smoke
Gray along posterior margin and on postauricular patch; median dorsal
stripe black; lateral dorsal dark stripes Fuscous Black mixed with
Russet; outermost dorsal dark stripes slightly darker or
indistinguishable from sides in color; dorsal light stripes grayish
white with Mikado-Brown along margins; outermost pair of dorsal light
stripes nearly pure white; sides Russet mixed with Cinnamon or
Ochraceous-Tawny; rump and thighs Smoke Gray mixed with Cinnamon-Buff,
with a larger or smaller number of Fuscous Black hairs; antipalmar and
antiplantar surfaces of feet Cinnamon-Buff; dorsal surface of tail
black; ventral surface of tail Sayal Brown to Tawny; underparts white
with dark underfur. Skull and Baculum: As in E. u. umbrinus.

Comparisons.—From E. u. inyoensis, the subspecies to the west,
E. u. adsitus differs in: General tone of upper parts darker; sides
darker; interorbital region wider; skull significantly deeper.

For comparison with E. u. umbrinus, E. u. sedulus, and E. u.
montanus, see the accounts of those subspecies.

Specimens examined.—Total number, 34.

Utah: Beaver Co.: Britts Meadow, Beaver Range Mountains, 8,500 ft., 13
BS. Wayne Co.: Donkey Lake, Boulder Mountain, 10,000 ft., 4 UU. Garfield
Co.: Wildcat R. S., Boulder Mountain, 8,700 ft., 5 UU.

Arizona: Coconino Co.: De Motte Park, Kaibab Plateau, 3 BS; Bright Angel,
Kaibab Plateau, 9 BS.

Type.—Male, adult, skull, skin, and baculum, No. 158181 U. S. Nat.
Mus. Biol. Surv. Coll.; from Mount Ellen, Henry Mountains, Garfield
County, Utah; obtained on October 13, 1908 by W. H. Osgood; original
No. 3667.

Diagnosis.—Size medium; general tone of upper parts dark
reddish-brown; ventral surface of tail Ochraceous-Orange; sides Mars
Yellow.

Description.—Color pattern: Crown Drab-Gray mixed with Fuscous;
upper facial stripe Fuscous Black mixed with Sudan Brown; ocular
stripe Sudan Brown mixed with black; submalar stripe Sudan Brown
slightly mixed with black; anterior margin of ear Sudan Brown slightly
mixed with black; hairs inside pinna, posteriorly, Warm Buff;
posterior margin of ear and postauricular patch creamy white; median
dorsal dark stripe black with Antique Brown along margins; lateral
dorsal dark stripes black mixed with Antique Brown; outermost dorsal
dark stripes Xanthine Orange slightly mixed with black; median dorsal
light stripes Pale Smoke Gray; outermost dorsal light stripes white
slightly mixed with gray; rump and thighs Smoke Gray; sides Mars
Yellow; dorsal surface of tail black mixed with Warm Buff; ventral
surface of tail Ochraceous-Orange, with black around margin, and Warm
Buff around outermost edge; antipalmar and antiplantar surfaces of
feet Ochraceous-Buff; underparts creamy white with dark underfur.
Skull: Large; braincase moderately inflated; zygomata strong.
Baculum: As in E. u. umbrinus.

Comparisons.—From E. u. umbrinus, the subspecies from the Uinta
and northern Wasatch Mountains of Utah, E. u. sedulus differs in:
General tone of upper parts lighter; sides lighter.

From E. u. adsitus, the subspecies from the southern Wasatch Range
in Utah and Kaibab Plateau in Arizona, E. u. sedulus differs in:
Sides lighter; general tone of upper parts markedly lighter.

From E. u. inyoensis, the subspecies from central and northeastern
Nevada, and western and northwestern Utah, E. u. sedulus differs in:
Sides lighter (less grayish); general tone of upper parts tawnier.

For comparison with E. u. montanus, see the account of that
subspecies.

Specimens examined.—Total number, 7 BS, all from the type locality.

Type.—Male, adult, skull and skin, No. 29387/41462 U. S. Nat. Mus. Biol.
Surv. Coll.; from Black Canyon, 8,200 ft., White Mountains, Inyo County,
California; obtained on July 7, 1891, by E. W. Nelson; original No. 1069.

Diagnosis.—Size medium; sides light; general tone of upper parts light;
baculum one of largest in species.

Description.—Color pattern: Head Smoke Gray mixed with
Pink-Cinnamon; upper two pairs of facial stripes Fuscous Black or black; submalar
stripe Sayal Brown; ear Fuscous or Chaetura-Drab, posterior margin and postauricular
patch buffy white; median dorsal dark stripe black with Sayal Brown along
[Pg 574]
margins; lateral dorsal dark stripes black mixed with Sayal Brown or
Mikado Brown; outermost dorsal dark stripes Sayal Brown or Mikado
Brown mixed with black; sides Ochraceous-Tawny or Tawny; thighs
Cinnamon-Buff mixed with Smoke Gray; antipalmar and antiplantar
surfaces of feet Cinnamon-Buff; ventral surface of tail Cinnamon-Buff
or Ochraceous-Tawny with Fuscous Black around margin and Pinkish Buff
around outermost edge; underparts creamy white. Skull: Large;
zygomata strong; braincase moderately inflated. Baculum: One of
largest in species.

Comparisons.—For comparisons with E. u. umbrinus, E. u. adsitus, E. u.
sedulus, and E. u. nevadensis, see the accounts of those subspecies.

Specimens examined.—Total number, 46.

Nevada: Elko Co.: Head Ackler Creek, N end Ruby Mountains, 1; Steels
Creek, N end Ruby Mountains, 1; Summit Secret Pass, 6,200 ft., Ruby
Mountains, 2; Three Lakes, Ruby Mountains, 11; Long Creek, S fork,
Ruby Mountains, 4; Harrison Pass R. S., Green Mountain Canyon, 1; W
side Ruby Lake, 6 mi. N Elko Co. line, 3; W side Ruby Lake, 3 mi. N
Elko Co. line, 8. White Pine Co.: Willow Creek, 2 mi. S White Pine
Co. line, Ruby Mountains, 6; W side Ruby Lake, 3 mi. S White Pine Co.
line, 5; Overland Pass, E slope Ruby Mountains, 8 mi. S White Pine Co.
line, 2.

Utah: Boxelder Co.: Head of George Creek and Clear Creek, 5 mi. S
Stanrod, Raft River Mountains, 8,500 ft., 2 UU.

Type.—Male, adult, skull and skin, No. 15884 Donald R. Dickey
Collection; from Hidden Forest, Sheep Mountains, 8,500 ft., Clark
County, Nevada; obtained on July 13, 1929, by W. H. Burt; original No.
2337.

Diagnosis.—Size medium; general tone of upper parts grayish;
baculum one of the largest of species.

Description.—"General tone of upperparts grayish; median dorsal
stripe, extending from crown between ears to rump, black faintly
bordered with 'verona brown'; lateral dark dorsal stripes similar to
median stripe, but with anterior one-third deeply suffused with
'verona brown'; central light dorsal stripes grayish, slightly lighter
than head and rump; lateral stripes white; head and rump 'pale smoke
gray'; postauricular patch grayish white, a narrow margin extending up
posterior border of ear; anterior portion of ear 'fuscous black' mixed
with 'verona brown' at base and bordered by light gray; ocular stripe
black grading into 'verona brown' in front of ear; submalar stripe
nearly obsolete, 'sayal brown'; sides of body grayish washed with
'verona brown'; feet grayish very faintly washed with 'pinkish buff';
dorsal surface of tail black overlaid with 'tilleul buff'; ventral
surface of tail 'cinnamon buff' narrowly bordered by black then by
'tilleul buff'; ventral surface of body white." (Burt 1931:299.) Skull
similar to that of E. u. inyoensis but differing as indicated below.

Comparisons.—From E. u. inyoensis, the subspecies to the north,
E. u. nevadensis differs in: Paler and grayer throughout; tawny areas
restricted; gray areas clearer and less suffused; dark facial markings narrower and less
[Pg 575]
distinct; ventral surface of tail distinctly paler; feet lighter, clearer gray; nasals extend farther
posteriorly with respect to premaxillae (Burt loc. cit.).

From E. u. adsitus, the subspecies to the northeast, E. u.
nevadensis differs in: Narrower dorsal stripes and facial markings;
paler coloration of head, rump, sides, feet, and ventral surface of
tail (Burt op. cit.: 299-300).

Specimens examined.—None.

Type.—Male, adult, skull, skin, and baculum, No. 41790 Univ. Kansas Mus.
Nat. Hist.; from 31 mi. N Pinedale, 8,025 ft., Sublette County, Wyoming;
obtained on July 8, 1951, by Rollin H. Baker; original No. 1596.

Diagnosis.—Size large; sides Capucine Yellow; antiplantar surface of hind
feet Raw Sienna; postauricular patch grayish white; baculum as in E. u.
umbrinus.

Description.—Color pattern: Crown Cinnamon-Buff mixed with gray;
upper facial stripe Sepia; ocular stripe Chaetura-Drab; submalar
stripe Fuscous Black mixed with Sayal Brown; ear black; anterior
margin of ear Mars-Yellow, posterior margin grayish white; hairs
inside posterior portion of pinna Dresden-Brown; postauricular patch
Pale Smoke Gray; median dorsal dark stripe black; lateral dorsal dark
stripe black mixed with Sayal Brown; outermost dorsal dark stripe
obsolete, Buckhorn-Brown mixed with black; median pair of dorsal light
stripes grayish mixed with Buckhorn-Brown; outer pair of dorsal light
stripes creamy white; sides Buckhorn-Brown; rump Pale Smoke Gray mixed
with Saccardo's Umber; dorsal surface of tail black mixed with
Buckhorn-Brown; ventral surface of tail Sayal Brown; outermost edge of
tail Light Buff; antipalmar surface of forefeet Warm Buff; antiplantar
surface of hind foot Ochraceous-Tawny; underparts creamy white with
dark underfur. Skull: Large, with strong zygomata; braincase well
inflated. Baculum: As in E. u. umbrinus.

Comparisons.—From E. u. umbrinus, the subspecies from the Uinta
and northern Wasatch Mountains in Utah, E. u. fremonti differs in:
Sides darker; antiplantar surfaces of feet darker; postauricular patch
grayer; crown more grayish; skull slightly larger.

From E. ruficaudus ruficaudus, the species and subspecies from
western Montana, E. u. fremonti differs in: General tone of upper
parts, sides, underside of tail, and feet, all darker in coloration;
baculum shorter and proportionally twice as wide at base.

For comparison with E. u. montanus, see the account of that
subspecies.

Specimens examined.—Total number, 58.

Montana: Park Co.: Beartooth Mountains, 2 BS.

Idaho: Bonneville Co.: Big Hole Mountains, 9,000 ft., near Irwin, 1 BS.

Wyoming: Yellowstone Park, 2. Park Co.: 16¼ mi. N and 17 mi. W
Cody, 5,625 ft., 2. Teton Co.: 1 mi. E and ¼ mi. N Togwotee Pass,
9,800 ft., 2; Amphitheatre Lake, Teton Park, 1 MM; Flat Creek, 4 MM;
head of Cache Creek, 4 MM; Jackson, Upper Arizona Creek, 2 MM; Flat
Creek-Granite Creek divide, 6 MM; Flat Creek Pass, 1 MM; Flat
Creek-Gravel Creek divide, 2 MM. Lincoln Co.: La Barge Creek, 9,000
ft., 2 BS. Fremont Co.: Togwotee Pass, 12; 12 mi. N and 3 mi. W
Shoshoni, 4,650 ft., 1; Mosquito Park R. S., 9,500 ft., 17½ mi. W
and 2½ mi. N Lander, 1; 17 mi. S and 6½ mi. W Lander, 8,450 ft.,
3. Sublette Co.: 31 mi. N Pinedale, 8,025 ft., 2; W side Barbara
Lake, 10,300 ft., 8 mi. S and 3 mi. W Fremont Peak, 4; 19 mi. W and 2
mi. S Big Piney, 7,700 ft., 5.

Type.—Male, adult, skull, skin, and baculum, No. 20105 Univ. Kansas
Mus. Nat. Hist.; from ½ mi. E and 3 mi. S Ward, 9,400 ft., Boulder
County, Colorado; obtained on August 1, 1947, by E. L. Cockrum;
original No. 721.

Diagnosis.—Size large; sides Clay Color; antipalmar and antiplantar
surfaces of feet Cinnamon-Buff; baculum as in E. u. umbrinus.

Description.—Color pattern: Crown Raw Sienna mixed with gray;
upper facial stripe and ocular stripe black mixed with Sepia; submalar
stripe Snuff Brown mixed with black; ear black or Sepia, anterior
margin Ochraceous-Tawny, posterior margin and postauricular patch
grayish white; hairs inside posterior part of pinna Cinnamon-Buff;
median dorsal dark stripe black with Sayal Brown along margins;
lateral dark stripes black mixed with Sayal Brown; outermost dorsal
dark stripes obsolete, Sayal Brown mixed with black; median pair of
dorsal light stripes Pale Smoke Gray mixed with Clay Color; outer pair
of dorsal light stripes creamy white; sides Clay Color; rump and
thighs Neutral Gray; dorsal surface of tail black mixed with
Cinnamon-Buff; ventral surface of tail Ochraceous-Tawny; hairs around
margin of tail Cinnamon-Buff or Ochraceous-Tawny; antipalmar and
antiplantar surfaces of feet Cinnamon-Buff; underparts creamy white
with dark underfur. Skull: Large; zygomata strong; braincase well
inflated. Baculum: As in E. u. umbrinus.

Comparisons.—From E. quadrivittatus quadrivittatus, the
subspecies and species to the south, E. u. montanus differs in:
General tone of upper parts darker; braincase significantly narrower;
baculum shorter and markedly wider at base.

From E. u. umbrinus, the subspecies from the Uinta and northern
Wasatch Mountains, E. u. montanus differs in: General tone of upper
parts brighter (less tawny); sides more tawny; skull slightly larger.

From E. u. sedulus, the subspecies from the Henry Mountains of Utah,
E. u. montanus differs in: Sides darker; general tone of upper parts
darker.

From E. u. fremonti, the subspecies from the mountains of western
and northwestern Wyoming, E. u. montanus differs in: General tone of
upper parts lighter; hairs around outermost edge of tail tawnier.

Specimens examined.—Total number, 36.

Wyoming: Albany Co.: 3 mi. ESE Brown's Peak, 10,000 ft., 2; 3½ mi. S
Wood's Landing, 1.

Utah: Uintah Co.: PR Springs, 7,950 ft., 43 mi. S Ouray, Uintah-Grand
county line, 1 UU.

Colorado: Jackson Co.: Mount Zirkel, 10,000 ft., on trail, 2 WC;
Buffalo Pass, 10,380 ft., 1 WC; Buffalo Pass road, 10,130 ft., 1 WC.
Larimer Co.: 2 mi. E Log Cabin, 7,450 ft., 1 WC; Estes Park, 7,600
ft., 1; 1½ mi. SW Estes Park, 1; 2½ mi. SW Estes Park, 2; 3½
mi. SW Estes Park, 1; 12 mi. SW Estes Park, 1. Rio Blanco Co.: 1 mi.
NW Pagoda Peak, 10,400 ft., 1. Boulder Co.: Long's Peak, 7 BS; 1 mi.
NE Ward, 10,000 ft., 1; 3 mi. S Ward, 9,000 ft., 5; ½ mi. E and 3
mi. S Ward, 9,400 ft., 1; 1 mi. S Gold Hill, 8,200 ft., 1. Clear
Creek Co.: Davidson Mine, 3 mi. SW Idaho Springs, 1; Georgetown, 1
CM. Jefferson Co.: Silver Plume, 1 CM. Park Co.: Tarryall Creek
Camp, 8,700 ft., 1 WC. Gunnison Co.: S side Crested Butte Mountain,
9,500 ft., 1 WC; mouth of Virginia Basin, Gothic, 1 FC.